☂️ Update CI to test against Android 17 (API level 37) #189518

Prereqs for Updating Defaults (flutter tooling, engine, packages)

We need to be sure we are using an AGP version that supports API 37. At the time, the highest AGP version I could update to was 9.1.0, which does not support API 37. The latest AGP version that supports API 37 and is also KGP+Gradle compatible is 9.3.1.

• [Android 17] Bump Standard Test Apps in flutter/flutter to AGP 9.3.1 #193263
• [Android 17] Bump Add-to-app Test Apps in flutter/flutter to AGP 9.3.1 #193264
• [Android 17] Updated Templates to AGP 9.3.1 #193262
• [Android 17] Bumped Engine Dependencies to 9.3.1 #193265

Main Tasks

• Add android 37 platform and build tools to script for android cipd bundle creation #187571
• [Android 17] Update packages CI test runners to SDK 37 packages#12376 (before cutoff)
• Update Engine to test Android 17 AVD #193239 (before cutoff)
• Update linux_android_emu_unstable to API 37 AVD #193240 (before cutoff)
• Update linux_android_emu to 37 AVD #193246 (wait for a more stable AVD)
• Updated Remaining Engine Defaults to SDK 37 #190429 (before cutoff)
• Updated Most flutter/flutter Defaults to 37 #193307 (before cutoff)
• [DO NOT MERGE] Updated targetSdk to 37 #193308 (before cutoff)
• Bump create_all_packages_command CompileSdk to 37 packages#13053
• Update robolectric to a version compatible with API 37 for engine, framework, packages
  • Upgrade flutter/flutter to Roblectric 4.17 #193369 (before cutoff)
  • [various] Update Robolectric to 4.17 packages#13041 (before cutoff)
• [Android 17] Added Android 17 device to Firebase tests #193251
• [Android 17] ☔ Update Physical Devices to API 37 #193475
• ☔ Flutter Android CI Tests Against JDK 25 #193404 (before cutoff)

Misc

• Remove ancient tools:tools dep from android_sdk bundle #189962 (uploaded 37v2 to CIPD and updated to 37v2 in ci.yaml and DEPS)
• Updated Instructions for Determining Gradle Version for gradle_dists in CIPD #193310

Extra

• Automate Uploading Java to CIPD #193355
• Automate Uploading Gradle for Engine to CIPD #193356
• Automate Uploading Preview SDK versions to CIPD #193357

See last year's upgrades at #163071
See New API Version docs