JSON doesn't allow to have non-sting keys in objects, so json.dumps converts its to string. But if several keys has one string representation — we'll get damaged result as follows:

>>> import json
>>> json.dumps({1: 2, "1": "2"})
'{"1": 2, "1": "2"}'

I think it should raise ValueError in this case.

I've tested this case on 2.7, 3.4 and on trunk version 3.6.

See also https://github.com/simplejson/simplejson/issues/77 .

I think etrepum's comment on Aug 27, 2013 display's sound reasoning:
'''
I expect that this error checking feature would be expensive to implement (both in runtime cost and lines of code). I think the most sensible thing to do would be to just mention this in the docs, or do nothing. In the past ~8 years, this is the only time this potential issue has ever been brought up here. It's not technically invalid JSON, but the decode semantics aren't well defined by the spec.
'''

 
I think this should be closed as "not a bug" since the semantics aren't well defined and because currently deployed code may rely on the behavior which isn't unreasonable or shocking. In general, Python tools aim more for practicality than for lint-like advisories about all possible input oddities.

This is documented, was added here: https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/f2123d2db54d661a016f02c5a1a02484d6d79e0d

If nobody objects I will close as won't fix.