// Source : https://oj.leetcode.com/problems/clone-graph/

// Author : Hao Chen

// Date : 2014-10-12

/**********************************************************************************

*

* Clone an undirected graph. Each node in the graph contains a label and a list of its neighbors.

*

* OJ's undirected graph serialization:

*

* Nodes are labeled uniquely.

*

* We use # as a separator for each node, and , as a separator for node label and each neighbor of the node.

*

* As an example, consider the serialized graph {0,1,2#1,2#2,2}.

*

* The graph has a total of three nodes, and therefore contains three parts as separated by #.

*

* First node is labeled as 0. Connect node 0 to both nodes 1 and 2.

* Second node is labeled as 1. Connect node 1 to node 2.

* Third node is labeled as 2. Connect node 2 to node 2 (itself), thus forming a self-cycle.

*

* Visually, the graph looks like the following:

*

* 1

* / \

* / \

* 0 --- 2

* / \

* \_/

*

*

**********************************************************************************/

/**

* Definition for undirected graph.

* struct UndirectedGraphNode {

* int label;

* vector<UndirectedGraphNode *> neighbors;

* UndirectedGraphNode(int x) : label(x) {};

* };

*/

class Solution {

public:

UndirectedGraphNode *cloneGraph(UndirectedGraphNode *node) {

if (node == NULL) return NULL;

//create a map, key is source node, value is clone node.

map<UndirectedGraphNode*, UndirectedGraphNode*> cloneMap;

//using queue for breath first search

queue<UndirectedGraphNode*> q;

q.push(node);

//clone the root

UndirectedGraphNode* cloneNode = new UndirectedGraphNode(node->label);

cloneMap[node] = cloneNode;

//breath first search

while(!q.empty()){

UndirectedGraphNode* n = q.front();

q.pop();

//for each neighbors

for(int i=0; i<n->neighbors.size(); i++){

UndirectedGraphNode* neighbor= n->neighbors[i];

//not existed in cloneMap

if (cloneMap.find(neighbor)==cloneMap.end()){

//clone a node

UndirectedGraphNode* newNode = new UndirectedGraphNode(neighbor->label);

cloneMap[n]->neighbors.push_back(newNode);

cloneMap[neighbor] = newNode;

//put the neighbors into the queue

q.push(neighbor);

}else{

cloneMap[n]->neighbors.push_back(cloneMap[neighbor]);

}

}

}

return cloneNode;

}

};