# remote.py

# Copyright (C) 2008, 2009 Michael Trier (mtrier@gmail.com) and contributors

#

# This module is part of GitPython and is released under

# the BSD License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php

# Module implementing a remote object allowing easy access to git remotes

import logging

import re

from git.cmd import handle_process_output, Git

from git.compat import (defenc, force_text, is_win)

from git.exc import GitCommandError

from git.util import (

LazyMixin,

Iterable,

IterableList,

RemoteProgress,

CallableRemoteProgress

)

from git.util import (

join_path,

)

import os.path as osp

from .config import (

SectionConstraint,

cp,

)

from .refs import (

Head,

Reference,

RemoteReference,

SymbolicReference,

TagReference

)

log = logging.getLogger('git.remote')

log.addHandler(logging.NullHandler())

__all__ = ('RemoteProgress', 'PushInfo', 'FetchInfo', 'Remote')

#{ Utilities

def add_progress(kwargs, git, progress):

"""Add the --progress flag to the given kwargs dict if supported by the

git command. If the actual progress in the given progress instance is not

given, we do not request any progress

:return: possibly altered kwargs"""

if progress is not None:

v = git.version_info[:2]

if v >= (1, 7):

kwargs['progress'] = True

# END handle --progress

# END handle progress

return kwargs

#} END utilities

def to_progress_instance(progress):

"""Given the 'progress' return a suitable object derived from

RemoteProgress().

"""

# new API only needs progress as a function

if callable(progress):

return CallableRemoteProgress(progress)

# where None is passed create a parser that eats the progress

elif progress is None:

return RemoteProgress()

# assume its the old API with an instance of RemoteProgress.

else:

return progress

class PushInfo(object):

"""

Carries information about the result of a push operation of a single head::

info = remote.push()[0]

info.flags # bitflags providing more information about the result

info.local_ref # Reference pointing to the local reference that was pushed

# It is None if the ref was deleted.

info.remote_ref_string # path to the remote reference located on the remote side

info.remote_ref # Remote Reference on the local side corresponding to

# the remote_ref_string. It can be a TagReference as well.

info.old_commit # commit at which the remote_ref was standing before we pushed

# it to local_ref.commit. Will be None if an error was indicated

info.summary # summary line providing human readable english text about the push

"""

__slots__ = ('local_ref', 'remote_ref_string', 'flags', '_old_commit_sha', '_remote', 'summary')

NEW_TAG, NEW_HEAD, NO_MATCH, REJECTED, REMOTE_REJECTED, REMOTE_FAILURE, DELETED, \

FORCED_UPDATE, FAST_FORWARD, UP_TO_DATE, ERROR = [1 << x for x in range(11)]

_flag_map = {'X': NO_MATCH,

'-': DELETED,

'*': 0,

'+': FORCED_UPDATE,

' ': FAST_FORWARD,

'=': UP_TO_DATE,

'!': ERROR}

def __init__(self, flags, local_ref, remote_ref_string, remote, old_commit=None,

summary=''):

""" Initialize a new instance """

self.flags = flags

self.local_ref = local_ref

self.remote_ref_string = remote_ref_string

self._remote = remote

self._old_commit_sha = old_commit

self.summary = summary

@property

def old_commit(self):

return self._old_commit_sha and self._remote.repo.commit(self._old_commit_sha) or None

@property

def remote_ref(self):

"""

:return:

Remote Reference or TagReference in the local repository corresponding

to the remote_ref_string kept in this instance."""

# translate heads to a local remote, tags stay as they are

if self.remote_ref_string.startswith("refs/tags"):

return TagReference(self._remote.repo, self.remote_ref_string)

elif self.remote_ref_string.startswith("refs/heads"):

remote_ref = Reference(self._remote.repo, self.remote_ref_string)

return RemoteReference(self._remote.repo, "refs/remotes/%s/%s" % (str(self._remote), remote_ref.name))

else:

raise ValueError("Could not handle remote ref: %r" % self.remote_ref_string)

# END

@classmethod

def _from_line(cls, remote, line):

"""Create a new PushInfo instance as parsed from line which is expected to be like

refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master 05d2687..1d0568e as bytes"""

control_character, from_to, summary = line.split('\t', 3)

flags = 0

# control character handling

try:

flags |= cls._flag_map[control_character]

except KeyError:

raise ValueError("Control character %r unknown as parsed from line %r" % (control_character, line))

# END handle control character

# from_to handling

from_ref_string, to_ref_string = from_to.split(':')

if flags & cls.DELETED:

from_ref = None

else:

from_ref = Reference.from_path(remote.repo, from_ref_string)

# commit handling, could be message or commit info

old_commit = None

if summary.startswith('['):

if "[rejected]" in summary:

flags |= cls.REJECTED

elif "[remote rejected]" in summary:

flags |= cls.REMOTE_REJECTED

elif "[remote failure]" in summary:

flags |= cls.REMOTE_FAILURE

elif "[no match]" in summary:

flags |= cls.ERROR

elif "[new tag]" in summary:

flags |= cls.NEW_TAG

elif "[new branch]" in summary:

flags |= cls.NEW_HEAD

# uptodate encoded in control character

else:

# fast-forward or forced update - was encoded in control character,

# but we parse the old and new commit

split_token = "..."

if control_character == " ":

split_token = ".."

old_sha, new_sha = summary.split(' ')[0].split(split_token) # @UnusedVariable

# have to use constructor here as the sha usually is abbreviated

old_commit = old_sha

# END message handling

return PushInfo(flags, from_ref, to_ref_string, remote, old_commit, summary)

class FetchInfo(object):

"""

Carries information about the results of a fetch operation of a single head::

info = remote.fetch()[0]

info.ref # Symbolic Reference or RemoteReference to the changed

# remote head or FETCH_HEAD

info.flags # additional flags to be & with enumeration members,

# i.e. info.flags & info.REJECTED

# is 0 if ref is SymbolicReference

info.note # additional notes given by git-fetch intended for the user

info.old_commit # if info.flags & info.FORCED_UPDATE|info.FAST_FORWARD,

# field is set to the previous location of ref, otherwise None

info.remote_ref_path # The path from which we fetched on the remote. It's the remote's version of our info.ref

"""

__slots__ = ('ref', 'old_commit', 'flags', 'note', 'remote_ref_path')

NEW_TAG, NEW_HEAD, HEAD_UPTODATE, TAG_UPDATE, REJECTED, FORCED_UPDATE, \

FAST_FORWARD, ERROR = [1 << x for x in range(8)]

_re_fetch_result = re.compile(r'^\s*(.) (\[?[\w\s\.$@]+\]?)\s+(.+) -> ([^\s]+)( \(.*\)?$)?')

_flag_map = {

'!': ERROR,

'+': FORCED_UPDATE,

'*': 0,

'=': HEAD_UPTODATE,

' ': FAST_FORWARD,

'-': TAG_UPDATE,

}

@classmethod

def refresh(cls):

"""This gets called by the refresh function (see the top level

__init__).

"""

# clear the old values in _flag_map

try:

del cls._flag_map["t"]

except KeyError:

pass

try:

del cls._flag_map["-"]

except KeyError:

pass

# set the value given the git version

if Git().version_info[:2] >= (2, 10):

cls._flag_map["t"] = cls.TAG_UPDATE

else:

cls._flag_map["-"] = cls.TAG_UPDATE

return True

def __init__(self, ref, flags, note='', old_commit=None, remote_ref_path=None):

"""

Initialize a new instance

"""

self.ref = ref

self.flags = flags

self.note = note

self.old_commit = old_commit

self.remote_ref_path = remote_ref_path

def __str__(self):

return self.name

@property

def name(self):

""":return: Name of our remote ref"""

return self.ref.name

@property

def commit(self):

""":return: Commit of our remote ref"""

return self.ref.commit

@classmethod

def _from_line(cls, repo, line, fetch_line):

"""Parse information from the given line as returned by git-fetch -v

and return a new FetchInfo object representing this information.

We can handle a line as follows

"%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s"

Where c is either ' ', !, +, -, *, or =

! means error

+ means success forcing update

- means a tag was updated

* means birth of new branch or tag

= means the head was up to date ( and not moved )

' ' means a fast-forward

fetch line is the corresponding line from FETCH_HEAD, like

acb0fa8b94ef421ad60c8507b634759a472cd56c not-for-merge branch '0.1.7RC' of /tmp/tmpya0vairemote_repo"""

match = cls._re_fetch_result.match(line)

if match is None:

raise ValueError("Failed to parse line: %r" % line)

# parse lines

control_character, operation, local_remote_ref, remote_local_ref, note = match.groups()

try:

new_hex_sha, fetch_operation, fetch_note = fetch_line.split("\t") # @UnusedVariable

ref_type_name, fetch_note = fetch_note.split(' ', 1)

except ValueError: # unpack error

raise ValueError("Failed to parse FETCH_HEAD line: %r" % fetch_line)

# parse flags from control_character

flags = 0

try:

flags |= cls._flag_map[control_character]

except KeyError:

raise ValueError("Control character %r unknown as parsed from line %r" % (control_character, line))

# END control char exception handling

# parse operation string for more info - makes no sense for symbolic refs, but we parse it anyway

old_commit = None

is_tag_operation = False

if 'rejected' in operation:

flags |= cls.REJECTED

if 'new tag' in operation:

flags |= cls.NEW_TAG

is_tag_operation = True

if 'tag update' in operation:

flags |= cls.TAG_UPDATE

is_tag_operation = True

if 'new branch' in operation:

flags |= cls.NEW_HEAD

if '...' in operation or '..' in operation:

split_token = '...'

if control_character == ' ':

split_token = split_token[:-1]

old_commit = repo.rev_parse(operation.split(split_token)[0])

# END handle refspec

# handle FETCH_HEAD and figure out ref type

# If we do not specify a target branch like master:refs/remotes/origin/master,

# the fetch result is stored in FETCH_HEAD which destroys the rule we usually

# have. In that case we use a symbolic reference which is detached

ref_type = None

if remote_local_ref == "FETCH_HEAD":

ref_type = SymbolicReference

elif ref_type_name == "tag" or is_tag_operation:

# the ref_type_name can be branch, whereas we are still seeing a tag operation. It happens during

# testing, which is based on actual git operations

ref_type = TagReference

elif ref_type_name in ("remote-tracking", "branch"):

# note: remote-tracking is just the first part of the 'remote-tracking branch' token.

# We don't parse it correctly, but its enough to know what to do, and its new in git 1.7something

ref_type = RemoteReference

elif '/' in ref_type_name:

# If the fetch spec look something like this '+refs/pull/*:refs/heads/pull/*', and is thus pretty

# much anything the user wants, we will have trouble to determine what's going on

# For now, we assume the local ref is a Head

ref_type = Head

else:

raise TypeError("Cannot handle reference type: %r" % ref_type_name)

# END handle ref type

# create ref instance

if ref_type is SymbolicReference:

remote_local_ref = ref_type(repo, "FETCH_HEAD")

else:

# determine prefix. Tags are usually pulled into refs/tags, they may have subdirectories.

# It is not clear sometimes where exactly the item is, unless we have an absolute path as indicated

# by the 'ref/' prefix. Otherwise even a tag could be in refs/remotes, which is when it will have the

# 'tags/' subdirectory in its path.

# We don't want to test for actual existence, but try to figure everything out analytically.

ref_path = None

remote_local_ref = remote_local_ref.strip()

if remote_local_ref.startswith(Reference._common_path_default + "/"):

# always use actual type if we get absolute paths

# Will always be the case if something is fetched outside of refs/remotes (if its not a tag)

ref_path = remote_local_ref

if ref_type is not TagReference and not \

remote_local_ref.startswith(RemoteReference._common_path_default + "/"):

ref_type = Reference

# END downgrade remote reference

elif ref_type is TagReference and 'tags/' in remote_local_ref:

# even though its a tag, it is located in refs/remotes

ref_path = join_path(RemoteReference._common_path_default, remote_local_ref)

else:

ref_path = join_path(ref_type._common_path_default, remote_local_ref)

# END obtain refpath

# even though the path could be within the git conventions, we make

# sure we respect whatever the user wanted, and disabled path checking

remote_local_ref = ref_type(repo, ref_path, check_path=False)

# END create ref instance

note = (note and note.strip()) or ''

return cls(remote_local_ref, flags, note, old_commit, local_remote_ref)

class Remote(LazyMixin, Iterable):

"""Provides easy read and write access to a git remote.

Everything not part of this interface is considered an option for the current

remote, allowing constructs like remote.pushurl to query the pushurl.

NOTE: When querying configuration, the configuration accessor will be cached

to speed up subsequent accesses."""

__slots__ = ("repo", "name", "_config_reader")

_id_attribute_ = "name"

def __init__(self, repo, name):

"""Initialize a remote instance

:param repo: The repository we are a remote of

:param name: the name of the remote, i.e. 'origin'"""

self.repo = repo

self.name = name

if is_win:

# some oddity: on windows, python 2.5, it for some reason does not realize

# that it has the config_writer property, but instead calls __getattr__

# which will not yield the expected results. 'pinging' the members

# with a dir call creates the config_writer property that we require

# ... bugs like these make me wonder whether python really wants to be used

# for production. It doesn't happen on linux though.

dir(self)

# END windows special handling

def __getattr__(self, attr):

"""Allows to call this instance like

remote.special( \\*args, \\*\\*kwargs) to call git-remote special self.name"""

if attr == "_config_reader":

return super(Remote, self).__getattr__(attr)

# sometimes, probably due to a bug in python itself, we are being called

# even though a slot of the same name exists

try:

return self._config_reader.get(attr)

except cp.NoOptionError:

return super(Remote, self).__getattr__(attr)

# END handle exception

def _config_section_name(self):

return 'remote "%s"' % self.name

def _set_cache_(self, attr):

if attr == "_config_reader":

# NOTE: This is cached as __getattr__ is overridden to return remote config values implicitly, such as

# in print(r.pushurl)

self._config_reader = SectionConstraint(self.repo.config_reader("repository"), self._config_section_name())

else:

super(Remote, self)._set_cache_(attr)

def __str__(self):

return self.name

def __repr__(self):

return '<git.%s "%s">' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.name)

def __eq__(self, other):

return self.name == other.name

def __ne__(self, other):

return not (self == other)

def __hash__(self):

return hash(self.name)

def exists(self):

"""

:return: True if this is a valid, existing remote.

Valid remotes have an entry in the repository's configuration"""

try:

self.config_reader.get('url')

return True

except cp.NoOptionError:

# we have the section at least ...

return True

except cp.NoSectionError:

return False

# end

@classmethod

def iter_items(cls, repo):

""":return: Iterator yielding Remote objects of the given repository"""

for section in repo.config_reader("repository").sections():

if not section.startswith('remote '):

continue

lbound = section.find('"')

rbound = section.rfind('"')

if lbound == -1 or rbound == -1:

raise ValueError("Remote-Section has invalid format: %r" % section)

yield Remote(repo, section[lbound + 1:rbound])

# END for each configuration section

def set_url(/sitelet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fgitpython-developers%2FGitPython%2Fblob%2Fpy2%2Fgit%2Fself%2C%2520new_url%2C%2520old_url%3DNone%2C%2520**kwargs):

"""Configure URLs on current remote (cf command git remote set_url)

This command manages URLs on the remote.

:param new_url: string being the URL to add as an extra remote URL

:param old_url: when set, replaces this URL with new_url for the remote

:return: self

"""

scmd = 'set-url'

kwargs['insert_kwargs_after'] = scmd

if old_url:

self.repo.git.remote(scmd, self.name, new_url, old_url, **kwargs)

else:

self.repo.git.remote(scmd, self.name, new_url, **kwargs)

return self

def add_url(/sitelet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fgitpython-developers%2FGitPython%2Fblob%2Fpy2%2Fgit%2Fself%2C%2520url%2C%2520**kwargs):

"""Adds a new url on current remote (special case of git remote set_url)

This command adds new URLs to a given remote, making it possible to have

multiple URLs for a single remote.

:param url: string being the URL to add as an extra remote URL

:return: self

"""

return self.set_url(/sitelet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fgitpython-developers%2FGitPython%2Fblob%2Fpy2%2Fgit%2Furl%2C%2520add%3DTrue)

def delete_url(/sitelet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fgitpython-developers%2FGitPython%2Fblob%2Fpy2%2Fgit%2Fself%2C%2520url%2C%2520**kwargs):

"""Deletes a new url on current remote (special case of git remote set_url)

This command deletes new URLs to a given remote, making it possible to have

multiple URLs for a single remote.

:param url: string being the URL to delete from the remote

:return: self

"""

return self.set_url(/sitelet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fgitpython-developers%2FGitPython%2Fblob%2Fpy2%2Fgit%2Furl%2C%2520delete%3DTrue)

@property

def urls(self):

""":return: Iterator yielding all configured URL targets on a remote as strings"""

try:

remote_details = self.repo.git.remote("get-url", "--all", self.name)

for line in remote_details.split('\n'):

yield line

except GitCommandError as ex:

## We are on git < 2.7 (i.e TravisCI as of Oct-2016),

# so `get-utl` command does not exist yet!

# see: https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/pull/528#issuecomment-252976319

# and: http://stackoverflow.com/a/32991784/548792

#

if 'Unknown subcommand: get-url' in str(ex):

try:

remote_details = self.repo.git.remote("show", self.name)

for line in remote_details.split('\n'):

if ' Push URL:' in line:

yield line.split(': ')[-1]

except GitCommandError as ex:

if any(msg in str(ex) for msg in ['correct access rights', 'cannot run ssh']):

# If ssh is not setup to access this repository, see issue 694

remote_details = self.repo.git.config('--get-all', 'remote.%s.url' % self.name)

for line in remote_details.split('\n'):

yield line

else:

raise ex

else:

raise ex

@property

def refs(self):

"""

:return:

IterableList of RemoteReference objects. It is prefixed, allowing

you to omit the remote path portion, i.e.::

remote.refs.master # yields RemoteReference('/refs/remotes/origin/master')"""

out_refs = IterableList(RemoteReference._id_attribute_, "%s/" % self.name)

out_refs.extend(RemoteReference.list_items(self.repo, remote=self.name))

return out_refs

@property

def stale_refs(self):

"""

:return:

IterableList RemoteReference objects that do not have a corresponding

head in the remote reference anymore as they have been deleted on the

remote side, but are still available locally.

The IterableList is prefixed, hence the 'origin' must be omitted. See

'refs' property for an example.

To make things more complicated, it can be possible for the list to include

other kinds of references, for example, tag references, if these are stale

as well. This is a fix for the issue described here:

https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/issues/260

"""

out_refs = IterableList(RemoteReference._id_attribute_, "%s/" % self.name)

for line in self.repo.git.remote("prune", "--dry-run", self).splitlines()[2:]:

# expecting

# * [would prune] origin/new_branch

token = " * [would prune] "

if not line.startswith(token):

raise ValueError("Could not parse git-remote prune result: %r" % line)

ref_name = line.replace(token, "")

# sometimes, paths start with a full ref name, like refs/tags/foo, see #260

if ref_name.startswith(Reference._common_path_default + '/'):

out_refs.append(SymbolicReference.from_path(self.repo, ref_name))

else:

fqhn = "%s/%s" % (RemoteReference._common_path_default, ref_name)

out_refs.append(RemoteReference(self.repo, fqhn))

# end special case handling

# END for each line

return out_refs

@classmethod

def create(cls, repo, name, url, **kwargs):

"""Create a new remote to the given repository

:param repo: Repository instance that is to receive the new remote

:param name: Desired name of the remote

:param url: URL which corresponds to the remote's name

:param kwargs: Additional arguments to be passed to the git-remote add command

:return: New Remote instance

:raise GitCommandError: in case an origin with that name already exists"""

scmd = 'add'

kwargs['insert_kwargs_after'] = scmd

repo.git.remote(scmd, name, Git.polish_url(/sitelet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fgitpython-developers%2FGitPython%2Fblob%2Fpy2%2Fgit%2Furl), **kwargs)

return cls(repo, name)

# add is an alias

add = create

@classmethod

def remove(cls, repo, name):

"""Remove the remote with the given name

:return: the passed remote name to remove

"""

repo.git.remote("rm", name)

if isinstance(name, cls):

name._clear_cache()

return name

# alias

rm = remove

def rename(self, new_name):

"""Rename self to the given new_name

:return: self """

if self.name == new_name:

return self

self.repo.git.remote("rename", self.name, new_name)

self.name = new_name

self._clear_cache()

return self

def update(self, **kwargs):

"""Fetch all changes for this remote, including new branches which will

be forced in ( in case your local remote branch is not part the new remote branches

ancestry anymore ).

:param kwargs:

Additional arguments passed to git-remote update

:return: self """

scmd = 'update'

kwargs['insert_kwargs_after'] = scmd

self.repo.git.remote(scmd, self.name, **kwargs)

return self

def _get_fetch_info_from_stderr(self, proc, progress):

progress = to_progress_instance(progress)

# skip first line as it is some remote info we are not interested in

output = IterableList('name')

# lines which are no progress are fetch info lines

# this also waits for the command to finish

# Skip some progress lines that don't provide relevant information

fetch_info_lines = []

# Basically we want all fetch info lines which appear to be in regular form, and thus have a

# command character. Everything else we ignore,

cmds = set(FetchInfo._flag_map.keys())

progress_handler = progress.new_message_handler()

handle_process_output(proc, None, progress_handler, finalizer=None, decode_streams=False)

stderr_text = progress.error_lines and '\n'.join(progress.error_lines) or ''

proc.wait(stderr=stderr_text)

if stderr_text:

log.warning("Error lines received while fetching: %s", stderr_text)

for line in progress.other_lines:

line = force_text(line)

for cmd in cmds:

if len(line) > 1 and line[0] == ' ' and line[1] == cmd:

fetch_info_lines.append(line)

continue

# read head information

with open(osp.join(self.repo.common_dir, 'FETCH_HEAD'), 'rb') as fp:

fetch_head_info = [l.decode(defenc) for l in fp.readlines()]

l_fil = len(fetch_info_lines)

l_fhi = len(fetch_head_info)

if l_fil != l_fhi:

msg = "Fetch head lines do not match lines provided via progress information\n"

msg += "length of progress lines %i should be equal to lines in FETCH_HEAD file %i\n"

msg += "Will ignore extra progress lines or fetch head lines."

msg %= (l_fil, l_fhi)

log.debug(msg)

log.debug("info lines: " + str(fetch_info_lines))

log.debug("head info : " + str(fetch_head_info))

if l_fil < l_fhi:

fetch_head_info = fetch_head_info[:l_fil]

else:

fetch_info_lines = fetch_info_lines[:l_fhi]

# end truncate correct list

# end sanity check + sanitization

output.extend(FetchInfo._from_line(self.repo, err_line, fetch_line)

for err_line, fetch_line in zip(fetch_info_lines, fetch_head_info))

return output

def _get_push_info(self, proc, progress):

progress = to_progress_instance(progress)

# read progress information from stderr

# we hope stdout can hold all the data, it should ...

# read the lines manually as it will use carriage returns between the messages

# to override the previous one. This is why we read the bytes manually

progress_handler = progress.new_message_handler()

output = IterableList('name')

def stdout_handler(line):

try:

output.append(PushInfo._from_line(self, line))

except ValueError:

# If an error happens, additional info is given which we parse below.

pass

handle_process_output(proc, stdout_handler, progress_handler, finalizer=None, decode_streams=False)

stderr_text = progress.error_lines and '\n'.join(progress.error_lines) or ''

try:

proc.wait(stderr=stderr_text)

except Exception:

if not output:

raise

elif stderr_text:

log.warning("Error lines received while fetching: %s", stderr_text)

return output

def _assert_refspec(self):

"""Turns out we can't deal with remotes if the refspec is missing"""

config = self.config_reader

unset = 'placeholder'

try:

if config.get_value('fetch', default=unset) is unset:

msg = "Remote '%s' has no refspec set.\n"

msg += "You can set it as follows:"

msg += " 'git config --add \"remote.%s.fetch +refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*\"'."

raise AssertionError(msg % (self.name, self.name))

finally:

config.release()

def fetch(self, refspec=None, progress=None, **kwargs):

"""Fetch the latest changes for this remote

:param refspec:

A "refspec" is used by fetch and push to describe the mapping

between remote ref and local ref. They are combined with a colon in

the format <src>:<dst>, preceded by an optional plus sign, +.

For example: git fetch $URL refs/heads/master:refs/heads/origin means

"grab the master branch head from the $URL and store it as my origin

branch head". And git push $URL refs/heads/master:refs/heads/to-upstream

means "publish my master branch head as to-upstream branch at $URL".

See also git-push(1).

Taken from the git manual

Fetch supports multiple refspecs (as the

underlying git-fetch does) - supplying a list rather than a string

for 'refspec' will make use of this facility.

:param progress: See 'push' method

:param kwargs: Additional arguments to be passed to git-fetch

:return:

IterableList(FetchInfo, ...) list of FetchInfo instances providing detailed

information about the fetch results

:note:

As fetch does not provide progress information to non-ttys, we cannot make

it available here unfortunately as in the 'push' method."""

if refspec is None:

# No argument refspec, then ensure the repo's config has a fetch refspec.

self._assert_refspec()

kwargs = add_progress(kwargs, self.repo.git, progress)

if isinstance(refspec, list):

args = refspec

else:

args = [refspec]

proc = self.repo.git.fetch(self, *args, as_process=True, with_stdout=False,

universal_newlines=True, v=True, **kwargs)

res = self._get_fetch_info_from_stderr(proc, progress)

if hasattr(self.repo.odb, 'update_cache'):

self.repo.odb.update_cache()

return res

def pull(self, refspec=None, progress=None, **kwargs):

"""Pull changes from the given branch, being the same as a fetch followed

by a merge of branch with your local branch.

:param refspec: see 'fetch' method

:param progress: see 'push' method

:param kwargs: Additional arguments to be passed to git-pull

:return: Please see 'fetch' method """

if refspec is None:

# No argument refspec, then ensure the repo's config has a fetch refspec.

self._assert_refspec()

kwargs = add_progress(kwargs, self.repo.git, progress)

proc = self.repo.git.pull(self, refspec, with_stdout=False, as_process=True,

universal_newlines=True, v=True, **kwargs)

res = self._get_fetch_info_from_stderr(proc, progress)

if hasattr(self.repo.odb, 'update_cache'):

self.repo.odb.update_cache()

return res

def push(self, refspec=None, progress=None, **kwargs):

"""Push changes from source branch in refspec to target branch in refspec.

:param refspec: see 'fetch' method

:param progress:

Can take one of many value types:

* None to discard progress information

* A function (callable) that is called with the progress information.

Signature: ``progress(op_code, cur_count, max_count=None, message='')``.

`Click here <http://goo.gl/NPa7st>`_ for a description of all arguments

given to the function.

* An instance of a class derived from ``git.RemoteProgress`` that

overrides the ``update()`` function.

:note: No further progress information is returned after push returns.

:param kwargs: Additional arguments to be passed to git-push

:return:

IterableList(PushInfo, ...) iterable list of PushInfo instances, each

one informing about an individual head which had been updated on the remote

side.

If the push contains rejected heads, these will have the PushInfo.ERROR bit set

in their flags.

If the operation fails completely, the length of the returned IterableList will

be null."""

kwargs = add_progress(kwargs, self.repo.git, progress)

proc = self.repo.git.push(self, refspec, porcelain=True, as_process=True,

universal_newlines=True, **kwargs)

return self._get_push_info(proc, progress)

@property

def config_reader(self):

"""

:return:

GitConfigParser compatible object able to read options for only our remote.

Hence you may simple type config.get("pushurl") to obtain the information"""

return self._config_reader

def _clear_cache(self):

try:

del(self._config_reader)

except AttributeError:

pass

# END handle exception

@property

def config_writer(self):

"""

:return: GitConfigParser compatible object able to write options for this remote.

:note:

You can only own one writer at a time - delete it to release the

configuration file and make it usable by others.

To assure consistent results, you should only query options through the

writer. Once you are done writing, you are free to use the config reader

once again."""

writer = self.repo.config_writer()

# clear our cache to assure we re-read the possibly changed configuration

self._clear_cache()

return SectionConstraint(writer, self._config_section_name())