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<div class="identifier-type">function template</div><div class="header"><algorithm></div><h1 itemprop="name"><span class="namespace" title="namespace std">std::</span><span class="token">min</span></h1>
<div itemprop="articleBody"><p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">namespace</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">std</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">T</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (1) C++98</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">T</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">constexpr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (1) C++14</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Compare</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Compare</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (2) C++98</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Compare</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">constexpr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Compare</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (2) C++14</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">T</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="../initializer_list/initializer_list.html">initializer_list</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (3) C++11</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">T</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">constexpr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="../initializer_list/initializer_list.html">initializer_list</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (3) C++14</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Compare</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="../initializer_list/initializer_list.html">initializer_list</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Compare</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (4) C++11</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Compare</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">constexpr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="../initializer_list/initializer_list.html">initializer_list</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Compare</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (4) C++14</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</p>
<h2>概要</h2>
<p>同じ型の2つの値、もしくは<code><a href="../initializer_list/initializer_list.html">initializer_list</a></code>によるN個の値のうち、最小値を取得する。</p>
<p>最後の引数<code>comp</code>は、2項の<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="boolを返す関数・関数オブジェクト。predicate">述語</a>関数オブジェクトであり、これを使用して比較演算をカスタマイズすることができる。</p>
<h2>要件</h2>
<ul>
<li>型<code>T</code>が<code>operator<</code>による比較が可能であること。</li>
<li><code><a href="../initializer_list/initializer_list.html">initializer_list</a></code>バージョンはそれに加えて、要素数が1以上であり、<code>T</code>がコピーコンストラクト可能であること。</li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="関数呼び出し式の評価結果となるオブジェクト・値">戻り値</a></h2>
<p>最小値</p>
<h2>備考</h2>
<ul>
<li>等価な要素が 2 つ以上あった場合には、最も左の要素を返す。</li>
<li>型 <code>T</code> が <code>operator<</code> による比較が可能であることが要件になっているが、(2) と (4) の形式では当該要件を満たさなくても問題ないものと思われる。</li>
</ul>
<h2>例</h2>
<p><div class="yata" id="6fb05aa8483253dc7ff912db714f946e75db0a06"><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="cp">#include <a href="../cassert.html"><cassert></a></span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../algorithm.html"><algorithm></a></span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../functional.html"><functional></a></span>
<span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span style="color:#ff0000">std::min</span></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../cassert/assert.html">assert</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">result1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span style="color:#ff0000">std::min</span></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../functional/greater.html">std::greater</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">());</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../cassert/assert.html">assert</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">result2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span style="color:#ff0000">std::min</span></span><span class="p">({</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">});</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../cassert/assert.html">assert</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">result3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span style="color:#ff0000">std::min</span></span><span class="p">({</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../functional/greater.html">std::greater</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">());</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../cassert/assert.html">assert</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">result4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div></p>
<h3>出力</h3>
<p><pre><code></code></pre></p>
<h2>実装例</h2>
<p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">T</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Compare</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Compare</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comp</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">T</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="../initializer_list/initializer_list.html">std::initializer_list</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n"><a href="min_element.html">std::min_element</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="../initializer_list/initializer_list/begin.html">t.begin()</a></span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../initializer_list/initializer_list/end.html">t.end()</a></span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Compare</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="../initializer_list/initializer_list.html">std::initializer_list</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Compare</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comp</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n"><a href="min_element.html">std::min_element</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="../initializer_list/initializer_list/begin.html">t.begin()</a></span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../initializer_list/initializer_list/end.html">t.end()</a></span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</p>
<h2>initializer_listバージョンの使用可能状況</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#clang">Clang</a>: ??</li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#gcc">GCC</a>: 4.7.0(initializer_listバージョンが使用可能) <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span></li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#icc">ICC</a>: ??</li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#visual_cpp">Visual C++</a>: 2013 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span>, 2015 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span></li>
</ul>
<h3>備考</h3>
<p>Windows環境においては、<code><windows.h></code>をインクルードすると<code>min</code>という名前の関数マクロが定義され、<code>std::min()</code>と衝突してしまうという問題がある。</p>
<p>この解決策として以下の2つの方法がある：</p>
<ul>
<li><code><windows.h></code>をインクルードするまでに<code>#define NOMINMAX</code>を行う。これで<code>min</code>マクロがdefineされなくなる。</li>
<li><code>std::min()</code>を呼び出す際に、<code>(std::min)(a, b);</code>のように関数名をカッコで囲んで使用する。これで、名前解決において<code>std::min()</code>関数が必ず使用される。</li>
</ul>
<h2>関連項目</h2>
<ul>
<li><code><a href="ranges_min.html">ranges::min</a></code></li>
</ul>
<h2>参照</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2551.pdf" target="_blank">N2551 A Variadic <code>std::min(T, ...)</code> for the C++ Standard Library</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2772.pdf" target="_blank">N2772 Variadic functions: Variadic templates or initializer lists? -- Revision 1</a></li>
<li><a href="http://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/lwg-defects.html#2350" target="_blank">LWG2350 - min, max, and minmax should be constexpr</a></li>
</ul></div>
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