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<h3>Python property() function</h3>
<p>In Python, the main purpose of Property() function is to create property of a class. <br>
Syntax:
<pre><code>
property(fget, fset, fdel, doc)
</code></pre>
If no arguments are given, property() method returns a base property attribute that doesn’t contain any getter, setter or deleter.
If doc isn’t provided, property() method takes the docstring of the getter function.
Parameters: <br>
fget() – used to get the value of attribute <br>
fset() – used to set the value of attribute <br>
fdel() – used to delete the attribute value <br>
doc() – string that contains the documentation (docstring) for the attribute <br>
Return: Returns a property attribute from the given getter, setter and deleter <br>
If no arguments are given, property() method returns a base property attribute that doesn’t contain any getter, setter or deleter. <br>
If doc isn’t provided, property() method takes the docstring of the getter function. <br>
<b>Example:</b>
<pre><code>
# Python program to explain property() function
# Alphabet class
class Alphabet:
def __init__(self, value):
self._value = value
# getting the values
def getValue(self):
print('Getting value')
return self._value
# setting the values
def setValue(self, value):
print('Setting value to ' + value)
self._value = value
# deleting the values
def delValue(self):
print('Deleting value')
del self._value
value = property(getValue, setValue, delValue, )
# passing the value
x = Alphabet('CODEMISTIC')
print(x.value)
x.value = 'CM'
del x.value
</code></pre>
<b>Output:</b>
<pre><code>
Getting value
CODEMISTIC
Setting value to CM
Deleting value
</code></pre></p>
<b>Using Decorator: </b><br>
The main work of decorators is they are used to add functionality to the existing code. Also called metaprogramming, as a part of the program tries to modify another part of the program at compile time. <br>
<b>Example: Using @property decorator</b>
<pre><code>
# Python program to explain property()
# function using decorator
class Alphabet:
def __init__(self, value):
self._value = value
# getting the values
@property
def value(self):
print('Getting value')
return self._value
# setting the values
@value.setter
def value(self, value):
print('Setting value to ' + value)
self._value = value
# deleting the values
@value.deleter
def value(self):
print('Deleting value')
del self._value
# passing the value
x = Alphabet('Peter')
print(x.value)
x.value = 'Diesel'
del x.value
</code></pre>
<b>Output:</b>
<pre><code>
Getting value
Peter
Setting value to Diesel
Deleting value
</code></pre>
<p>
<b>Applications:</b> <br>
By using property() method, we can modify our class and implement the value constraint without any change required to the client code. So that the implementation is backward compatible.</p>
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