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<meta name="description" content="Java Collection frameworks provide Stack class which works on stack data structure.It works on the principle of Last-In-First-Out(LIFO).It extends Vector class for better performance.Constructors in the StackThis class supports one default constructor which creates an empty stack.Methods of Stack..."/>
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<h3>Java Stack</h3>
<p>In this tutorial, we will learn about the Stack, its contructors and methods and how to implement it in Java.</p>
<p>Java Collection frameworks provide Stack class which works on stack data structure.It works on the principle of Last-In-First-Out(LIFO).It extends Vector class for better performance.</p>
<h4>Constructors in the Stack</h4>
<p>This class supports one default constructor which creates an empty stack.</p>
<h4>Methods of Stack</h4>
<p>Apart from the methods inherited from its parent class/interface ,it has following methods :</p>
<table border=2><tr><th>Methods</th><th>Description</th></tr>
<tr><td>Object push(Object element) :</td><td> Pushes an element on the top of the stack.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Object pop() :</td><td> Removes and returns the top element of the stack. An ‘EmptyStackException’ exception is thrown if we call pop() when the invoking stack is empty.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Object peek() :</td><td> Returns the element on the top of the stack, but does not remove it.</td></tr>
<tr><td>boolean empty() :</td><td> It returns true if nothing is on the top of the stack. Else, returns false.</td></tr>
<tr><td>int search(Object element) :</td><td> It determines whether an object exists in the stack. If the element is found, it returns the position of the element from the top of the stack. Else, it returns -1.</td></tr></table>
<h4>Example</h4>
<pre><code>
import java.util.Stack;
class Main
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Stack<String> city= new Stack<>();
// Adding elements to Stack
city.push("Pune");
city.push("Jabalpur");
city.push("Banglore");
city.push("Jharkhand");
System.out.println("Stack: " + city);
// Removing elements from Stack
String element1 = city.pop();
System.out.println("Removed Element: " + element1);
//printing the element at the top of stack
String element2 = city.peek();
System.out.println("Element at top: " + element2);
// Searching an element in the stack
int position = city.search("Jharkhand");
System.out.println("Position of Jharkhand: " + position);
// Check if stack is empty
boolean result = city.empty();
System.out.println("Is the stack empty? " + result);
}
}
<strong>Output:</strong>
Stack: [Pune, Jabalpur, Banglore, Jharkhand]
Removed Element: Jharkhand
Element at top: Banglore
Position of Jharkhand: -1
Is the stack empty? false
</code></pre>
<p><strong>Note: </strong>The Stack class in Java is a legacy class and inherited from Vector class in Java. It is a thread safe class and hence involves overhead when we do not need thread safety. It is recommended to use <a href="array-deque-java.html">ArrayDeque</a> for stack implementation as it is more efficient in a single threaded environment.</p>
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