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<h3>Java Assertions</h3>
<p>In this tutorial, we will learn about the Java assertions with the help of examples.</p>
<p>An assertion is a statement in Java which ensures the correctness of any assumptions which have been done in the program.</p>
<p>Java has a built-in package for Logging frameworks i.e,<code>java.util.logging</code>.</p>
<strong>Syntax :</strong>
<pre><code>
assert condition;
</code></pre>
<strong>Or</strong>
<pre><code>
assert condition : expression
</code></pre>
<h4>Enabling Assertions</h4>
<p>For using Assretions, you have to enable assertions as by default they are disabled and egnored at run-time. It is very easy to enable Assertions.</p>
<p>To enable assertions we use :</p>
<pre><code>
java -ea //This enables assertion for all classes
</code></pre>
<strong>Or</strong>
<pre><code>
java -ea:arguments //This enables assertion for given classes
</code></pre>
<strong>Or</strong>
<pre><code>
java -enableassertions:arguments
</code></pre>
<strong>Example :</strong>
<pre><code>
java -ea Main //enables in all classes of our Main program
</code></pre>
<strong>Or</strong>
<pre><code>
java -ea:CityClass Main //This enables assertion in only the CityClass in the Main program
</code></pre>
<p>When assertions are enabled and the condition is <var>true</var>, the program executes normally.
But if the condition evaluates to <var>false</var> while assertions are enabled, JVM throws an AssertionError, and the program stops immediately.</p>
<h4>Disabling Assertions</h4>
<p>To disable assertions we use :</p>
<pre><code>
java -da:arguments //This enables assertion for given classes
</code></pre>
<strong>Or</strong>
<pre><code>
java -disableassertions arguments
</code></pre>
<h4>Why to use Assertions?</h4>
<ul><li>To check that an unreachable looking code is actually unreachable.</li><li>To check that assumptions written in comments are right.</li><li>Quick and efficient for detecting and correcting bugs.</li></ul>
<h4>When to use Assertions?</h4>
<ul><li>Conditional Cases</li><li>Unreachable Codes</li><li>In the arguments to private methods. Private arguments are provided by developer’s code only and developer may want to check his/her assumptions about arguments.</li></ul>
<h4>When not to use Assertions?</h4>
<ul><li>Should not be used to replace error messages.</li><li> Argument checking in public methods.</li></ul>
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