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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<meta name="description" content="Java Collection frameworks provide ArrayDeque class and it implements Deque Interface.ArrayDeque in Java provides a way to apply resizable-array in addition to the implementation of the Deque interface. It is also known as Array Double Ended Queue or Array Deck. This is a special kind of array that grows and allows users to add or remove an element from both sides of the queue."/>
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<h3>Java ArrayDeque</h3>
<p>In this tutorial, we will learn about the ArrayDeque, its contructors and methods and how to implement it in Java.</h4>
<p>Java Collection frameworks provide ArrayDeque class and it implements Deque Interface.ArrayDeque in Java provides a way to apply resizable-array in addition to the implementation of the Deque interface. It is also known as Array Double Ended Queue or Array Deck. This is a special kind of array that grows and allows users to add or remove an element from both sides of the queue.</p>
<h4>Constructors of the ArrayDeque</h4>
<table border=2><tr><th>Constructors</th><th>Description</th></tr>
<tr><td>ArrayDeque()</td><td>Used to create an empty ArrayDeque and by default holds an initial capacity to hold 16 elements.</td></tr>
<tr><td>ArrayDeque(Collection<? extends E> c)</td><td>Used to create an ArrayDeque containing all the elements same as that of the specified collection.</td></tr>
<tr><td>ArrayDeque(int numofElements)</td><td>Used to create an empty ArrayDeque and holds the capacity to contain a specified number of elements.</td></tr></table>
<h4>Methods of ArrayDeque</h4>
<p>Apart from the methods inherited from its parent class/interface ,it has following methods :</p>
<table border=2><tr><th>Methods</th><th>Description</th></tr>
<tr><td>add(Element e)</td><td>The method inserts particular element at the end of the deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>addFirst(Element e)</td><td>The method inserts particular element at the start of the deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>addLast(Element e)</td><td>The method inserts particular element at the end of the deque. It is similiar to add() method.</td></tr>
<tr><td>clear()</td><td>The method removes all deque elements.</td></tr>
<tr><td>size()</td><td>The method returns the no. of elements in deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>clone()</td><td>The method copies the deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>contains(Obj)</td><td>The method checks whether a deque contains the element or not.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Iterator()</td><td>The method returns an iterator over the deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>descendingIterator()</td><td>The method returns a reverse order iterator over the deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>element()</td><td>The method returns element at the head of the deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>getFirst()</td><td>The method returns first element of the deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>getLast()</td><td>The method returns last element of the deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>isEmpty()</td><td>The method checks whether the deque is empty or not.</td></tr>
<tr><td>toArray()</td><td>The method returns array having the elements of deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>offer(Element e)</td><td>The method inserts element at the end of deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>offerFirst(Element e)</td><td>The method inserts element at the front of deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>offerLast(Element e)</td><td>The method inserts element at the end of deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>peek()</td><td>The method returns head element without removing it.</td></tr>
<tr><td>peekFirst()</td><td>The method returns first element without removing it.</td></tr>
<tr><td>peekLast()</td><td>The method returns last element without removing it.</td></tr>
<tr><td>poll()</td><td>The method returns head element and also removes it.</td></tr>
<tr><td>pollFirst()</td><td>The method returns first element and also removes it.</td></tr>
<tr><td>pollLast()</td><td>The method returns last element and also removes it.</td></tr>
<tr><td>pop()</td><td>The method pops out an element for stack repesented by deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>push(Element e)</td><td>The method pushes an element onto stack repesented by deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>remove()</td><td>The method returns head element and also removes it.</td></tr>
<tr><td>removeFirst()</td><td>The method returns first element and also removes it.</td></tr>
<tr><td>removeLast()</td><td>The method returns last element and also removes it.</td></tr>
<tr><td>removeFirstOccurrence(Obj)</td><td>The method removes the element where it first occur in the deque.</td></tr>
<tr><td>removeLastOccurrence(Obj)</td><td>The method removes the element where it last occur in the deque.</td></tr></table>
<h4>Example</h4>
<pre><code>
// Java code explaining the use of ArrayDeque class methods
import java.util.*;
public class CodeMistic
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Intializing an deque
Deque<Integer> d = new ArrayDeque<Integer>(10);
// add() method to insert
d.add(5);
d.add(8);
d.add(12);
d.add(9);
d.add(1);
for (Integer element : d)
{
System.out.println("Element : " + element);
}
System.out.println("Using clear() ");
//clear() method
d.clear();
// addFirst() method to insert at start
d.addFirst(10);
d.addFirst(20);
// addLast() method to insert at end
d.addLast(24);
d.addLast(14);
System.out.println("Above elements are removed now \n");
//size() of ArrayDeque
System.out.println("Size of deque : " + d.size() + "\n");
for (Integer element : d)
{
System.out.println("Element : " + element);
}
// conatins() method
System.out.println("\nIs 10 present in deque : " + d.contains(10));
// Iterator() :
System.out.println("\nElements of deque using Iterator :");
for(Iterator itr = d.iterator(); itr.hasNext();)
{
System.out.println(itr.next());
}
// descendingIterator() : to reverse the deque order
System.out.println("\nElements of deque in reverse order :");
for(Iterator dItr = d.descendingIterator(); dItr.hasNext();)
{
System.out.println(dItr.next());
}
// element() method : to get Head element
System.out.println("\nHead Element using element(): " + d.element());
// getFirst() method : to get Head element
System.out.println("Head Element using getFirst(): " + d.getFirst());
// getLast() method : to get last element
System.out.println("Last Element using getLast(): " + d.getLast());
// isEmpty() method :
System.out.println("\nChecks whether deque is empty : " + d.isEmpty());
//toArray() method :
Object[] arr = d.toArray();
System.out.println("\nArray Size : " + arr.length);
System.out.print("Array elements : ");
for(int i=0; i<arr.length ; i++)
System.out.print(" " + arr[i]);
}
}
<strong>Output:</strong>
Element : 5
Element : 8
Element : 12
Element : 9
Element : 1
Using clear()
Above elements are removed now
Size of deque : 4
Element : 20
Element : 10
Element : 24
Element : 14
Is 10 present in deque : true
Elements of deque using Iterator :
20
10
24
14
Elements of deque in reverse order :
14
24
10
20
Head Element using element(): 20
Head Element using getFirst(): 20
Last Element using getLast(): 14
Checks whether deque is empty : false
Array Size : 4
Array elements : 20 10 24 14
</code></pre>
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