# Copyright (c) 2015-2026 Vector 35 Inc

#

# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy

# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to

# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the

# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or

# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is

# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

#

# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in

# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

#

# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR

# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,

# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE

# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER

# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING

# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS

# IN THE SOFTWARE.

import ctypes

import traceback

# Binary Ninja components

import binaryninja

from . import _binaryninjacore as core, LinearDisassemblyLine

from .enums import LinearDisassemblyLineType, RenderLayerDefaultEnableState

from . import binaryview

from . import types

from .log import log_error_for_exception

from typing import Iterable, List, Optional, Union, Tuple, Any

class _RenderLayerMetaclass(type):

def __iter__(self):

binaryninja._init_plugins()

count = ctypes.c_ulonglong()

instances = core.BNGetRenderLayerList(count)

try:

for i in range(0, count.value):

yield self._handle_to_instance(instances[i])

finally:

core.BNFreeRenderLayerList(instances)

def __getitem__(self, value):

binaryninja._init_plugins()

handle = core.BNGetRenderLayerByName(str(value))

if handle is None:

raise KeyError(f"'{value}' is not a valid RenderLayer")

return self._handle_to_instance(handle)

def __contains__(cls: '_RenderLayerMetaclass', name: object) -> bool:

if not isinstance(name, str):

return False

try:

cls[name]

return True

except KeyError:

return False

def get(cls: '_RenderLayerMetaclass', name: str, default: Any = None) -> Optional['RenderLayer']:

try:

return cls[name]

except KeyError:

if default is not None:

return default

return None

def _handle_to_instance(self, handle):

handle_ptr = ctypes.cast(handle, ctypes.c_void_p)

if handle_ptr.value in RenderLayer._registered_instances:

return RenderLayer._registered_instances[handle_ptr.value]

return CoreRenderLayer(handle)

class RenderLayer(metaclass=_RenderLayerMetaclass):

"""

RenderLayer is a plugin class that allows you to customize the presentation of

Linear and Graph view output, adding, changing, or removing lines before they are

presented in the UI.

"""

name = None

"""Name of the Render Layer, to be displayed in the UI."""

default_enable_state = RenderLayerDefaultEnableState.DisabledByDefaultRenderLayerDefaultEnableState

"""

Whether the Render Layer is enabled by default in the UI. If set to AlwaysEnabled,

the Render Layer will always be enabled and will not be displayed in the UI.

"""

_registered_instances = {}

_pending_lines = {}

def __init__(self, handle=None):

if handle is not None:

self.handle = core.handle_of_type(handle, core.BNRenderLayer)

self.__dict__["name"] = core.BNGetRenderLayerName(handle)

self.__dict__["default_enable_state"] = core.BNGetRenderLayerDefaultEnableState(handle)

else:

self.handle = None

@classmethod

def register(cls):

"""

Register a custom Render Layer.

"""

layer = cls()

assert layer.__class__.name is not None

assert layer.handle is None

layer._cb = core.BNRenderLayerCallbacks()

layer._cb.context = 0

layer._cb.applyToFlowGraph = layer._cb.applyToFlowGraph.__class__(layer._apply_to_flow_graph)

layer._cb.applyToLinearViewObject = layer._cb.applyToLinearViewObject.__class__(layer._apply_to_linear_view_object)

layer._cb.freeLines = layer._cb.freeLines.__class__(layer._free_lines)

layer.handle = core.BNRegisterRenderLayer(layer.__class__.name, layer._cb, layer.default_enable_state)

handle_ptr = ctypes.cast(layer.handle, ctypes.c_void_p)

cls._registered_instances[handle_ptr.value] = layer

def __eq__(self, other):

if not isinstance(other, RenderLayer):

return False

return self.name == other.name

def __str__(self):

return f'<RenderLayer: {self.name}>'

def __repr__(self):

return f'<RenderLayer: {self.name}>'

def _apply_to_flow_graph(self, ctxt, graph):

try:

self.apply_to_flow_graph(binaryninja.FlowGraph(handle=core.BNNewFlowGraphReference(graph)))

except Exception:

log_error_for_exception("Unhandled Python exception in RenderLayer._apply_to_flow_graph")

def _apply_to_linear_view_object(self, ctxt, obj, prev, next, in_lines, in_line_count, out_lines, out_line_count):

try:

obj_obj = binaryninja.LinearViewObject(core.BNNewLinearViewObjectReference(obj))

prev_obj = binaryninja.LinearViewObject(core.BNNewLinearViewObjectReference(prev)) if prev else None

next_obj = binaryninja.LinearViewObject(core.BNNewLinearViewObjectReference(next)) if next else None

lines = []

for i in range(in_line_count):

lines.append(LinearDisassemblyLine._from_core_struct(in_lines[i], obj=obj_obj))

lines = self.apply_to_linear_view_object(obj_obj, prev_obj, next_obj, lines)

out_line_count[0] = len(lines)

out_lines_buf = (core.BNLinearDisassemblyLine * len(lines))()

for i, r in enumerate(lines):

out_lines_buf[i] = r._to_core_struct()

out_lines_ptr = ctypes.cast(out_lines_buf, ctypes.c_void_p)

out_lines[0] = out_lines_buf

self._pending_lines[out_lines_ptr.value] = (out_lines_ptr.value, out_lines_buf)

except Exception:

log_error_for_exception("Unhandled Python exception in RenderLayer._apply_to_linear_view_object")

out_lines[0] = None

out_line_count[0] = 0

def _free_lines(self, ctxt, lines, count):

try:

buf = ctypes.cast(lines, ctypes.c_void_p)

if buf.value is not None:

if buf.value not in self._pending_lines:

raise ValueError("freeing lines list that wasn't allocated")

del self._pending_lines[buf.value]

except Exception:

log_error_for_exception("Unhandled Python exception in RenderLayer._free_lines")

def apply_to_disassembly_block(

self,

block: 'binaryninja.BasicBlock',

lines: List['binaryninja.DisassemblyTextLine']

) -> List['binaryninja.DisassemblyTextLine']:

"""

Apply this Render Layer to a single Basic Block of Disassembly lines.

Subclasses should return a modified list of lines to be rendered in the UI.

.. note:: This function will only handle Disassembly lines, and not any ILs.

:param block: Basic Block containing those lines

:param lines: Original lines of text for the block

:return: Modified list of lines

"""

return lines

def apply_to_low_level_il_block(

self,

block: 'binaryninja.LowLevelILBasicBlock',

lines: List['binaryninja.DisassemblyTextLine']

) -> List['binaryninja.DisassemblyTextLine']:

"""

Apply this Render Layer to a single Basic Block of Low Level IL lines.

Subclasses should return a modified list of lines to be rendered in the UI.

.. note:: This function will only handle Lifted IL/LLIL/LLIL(SSA) lines. \

You can use the block's ``function_graph_type`` property to determine which is being handled.

:param block: Basic Block containing those lines

:param lines: Original lines of text for the block

:return: Modified list of lines

"""

return lines

def apply_to_medium_level_il_block(

self,

block: 'binaryninja.MediumLevelILBasicBlock',

lines: List['binaryninja.DisassemblyTextLine']

) -> List['binaryninja.DisassemblyTextLine']:

"""

Apply this Render Layer to a single Basic Block of Medium Level IL lines.

Subclasses should return a modified list of lines to be rendered in the UI.

.. note:: This function will only handle MLIL/MLIL(SSA)/Mapped MLIL/Mapped MLIL(SSA) lines. \

You can use the block's ``function_graph_type`` property to determine which is being handled.

:param block: Basic Block containing those lines

:param lines: Original lines of text for the block

:return: Modified list of lines

"""

return lines

def apply_to_high_level_il_block(

self,

block: 'binaryninja.HighLevelILBasicBlock',

lines: List['binaryninja.DisassemblyTextLine']

) -> List['binaryninja.DisassemblyTextLine']:

"""

Apply this Render Layer to a single Basic Block of High Level IL lines.

Subclasses should return a modified list of lines to be rendered in the UI.

.. note:: This function will only handle HLIL/HLIL(SSA)/Language Representation lines. \

You can use the block's ``function_graph_type`` property to determine which is being handled.

.. warning:: This function will NOT apply to High Level IL bodies as displayed \

in Linear View! Those are handled by ``apply_to_high_level_il_body`` instead as they \

do not have a Basic Block associated with them.

:param block: Basic Block containing those lines

:param lines: Original lines of text for the block

:return: Modified list of lines

"""

return lines

def apply_to_high_level_il_body(

self,

function: 'binaryninja.Function',

lines: List['binaryninja.LinearDisassemblyLine']

) -> List['binaryninja.LinearDisassemblyLine']:

"""

Apply this Render Layer to the entire body of a High Level IL function.

Subclasses should return a modified list of lines to be rendered in the UI.

.. warning:: This function only applies to Linear View, and not to Graph View! \

If you want to handle Graph View too, you will need to use ``apply_to_high_level_il_block`` \

and handle the lines one block at a time.

:param function: Function containing those lines

:param lines: Original lines of text for the function

:return: Modified list of lines

"""

return lines

def apply_to_misc_linear_lines(

self,

obj: 'binaryninja.LinearViewObject',

prev: Optional['binaryninja.LinearViewObject'],

next: Optional['binaryninja.LinearViewObject'],

lines: List['binaryninja.LinearDisassemblyLine']

) -> List['binaryninja.DisassemblyTextLine']:

"""

Apply to lines generated by Linear View that are not part of a function.

It is up to your implementation to figure out which type of Linear View Object

lines these are, and what to do with them.

Subclasses should return a modified list of lines to be rendered in the UI.

:param obj: Linear View Object being rendered

:param prev: Linear View Object located directly above this one

:param next: Linear View Object located directly below this one

:param lines: Original lines rendered by `obj`

:return: Modified list of lines

"""

return lines

def apply_to_block(

self,

block: 'binaryninja.BasicBlock',

lines: List['binaryninja.DisassemblyTextLine'],

) -> List['binaryninja.DisassemblyTextLine']:

"""

Apply to lines generated by a Basic Block, of any type. If not overridden, this

function will call the appropriate ``apply_to_X_level_il_block`` function.

Subclasses should return a modified list of lines to be rendered in the UI.

:param block: Basic Block containing those lines

:param lines: Original lines of text for the block

:return: Modified list of lines

"""

if not block.is_il:

return self.apply_to_disassembly_block(block, lines)

elif block.is_low_level_il:

return self.apply_to_low_level_il_block(block, lines)

elif block.is_medium_level_il:

return self.apply_to_medium_level_il_block(block, lines)

elif block.is_high_level_il:

return self.apply_to_high_level_il_block(block, lines)

else:

# ???

return lines

def apply_to_flow_graph(self, graph: 'binaryninja.FlowGraph') -> None:

"""

Apply this Render Layer to a Flow Graph, potentially modifying its nodes,

their edges, their lines, and their lines' content.

.. note:: If you override this function, you will need to call the ``super()`` \

implementation if you want to use the higher level ``apply_to_X_level_il_block`` \

functionality.

:param graph: Graph to modify

"""

pass

for i, node in enumerate(graph.nodes):

lines = node.lines

if node.basic_block is not None and isinstance(node.basic_block, binaryninja.BasicBlock):

lines = self.apply_to_block(node.basic_block, lines)

node.lines = lines

def apply_to_linear_view_object(

self,

obj: 'binaryninja.LinearViewObject',

prev: Optional['binaryninja.LinearViewObject'],

next: Optional['binaryninja.LinearViewObject'],

lines: List['binaryninja.LinearDisassemblyLine']

) -> List['binaryninja.LinearDisassemblyLine']:

"""

Apply this Render Layer to the lines produced by a LinearViewObject for rendering

in Linear View, potentially modifying the lines and their contents.

.. note:: If you override this function, you will need to call the ``super()`` \

implementation if you want to use the higher level ``apply_to_X_level_il_block`` \

functionality.

:param obj: Linear View Object being rendered

:param prev: Linear View Object located directly above this one

:param next: Linear View Object located directly below this one

:param lines: Original lines rendered by the Linear View Object

:return: Modified list of lines to display in Linear View

"""

# Hack: HLIL bodies don't have basic blocks

if len(lines) > 0 and obj.identifier.name in [

"HLIL Function Body",

"HLIL SSA Function Body",

"Language Representation Function Body"

]:

return self.apply_to_high_level_il_body(lines[0].function, lines)

block_lines = []

final_lines = []

last_block = None

def finish_block():

nonlocal block_lines

nonlocal final_lines

if len(block_lines) > 0:

if last_block is not None:

# Convert linear lines to disassembly lines for the apply()

# and then convert back for linear view

new_block_lines = []

disasm_lines = []

misc_lines = []

def process_disasm():

nonlocal disasm_lines

if len(disasm_lines) > 0:

disasm_lines = self.apply_to_block(last_block, disasm_lines)

func = block_lines[0].function

block = block_lines[0].block

view = block_lines[0].view

for block_line in disasm_lines:

new_block_lines.append(

LinearDisassemblyLine(

LinearDisassemblyLineType.CodeDisassemblyLineType,

func,

block,

block_line,

view

)

)

disasm_lines = []

def process_misc():

nonlocal misc_lines

nonlocal new_block_lines

if len(misc_lines) > 0:

misc_lines = self.apply_to_misc_linear_lines(obj, prev, next, misc_lines)

new_block_lines += misc_lines

misc_lines = []

for block_line in block_lines:

# Lines in the block get sent to process_disasm, anything else goes

# to process_misc so we preserve line information

if block_line.type == LinearDisassemblyLineType.CodeDisassemblyLineType:

process_misc()

disasm_lines.append(block_line.contents)

else:

process_disasm()

misc_lines.append(block_line)

# At the end, zero or one of these has lines in it

process_misc()

process_disasm()

block_lines = new_block_lines

else:

block_lines = self.apply_to_misc_linear_lines(obj, prev, next, block_lines)

final_lines += block_lines

block_lines = []

for line in lines:

# Assume we've finished a block when the line's block changes

if line.block != last_block:

finish_block()

block_lines.append(line)

last_block = line.block

# And we've finished a block when we're done with every line

finish_block()

return final_lines

class CoreRenderLayer(RenderLayer):

def apply_to_flow_graph(self, graph: 'binaryninja.FlowGraph') -> None:

core.BNApplyRenderLayerToFlowGraph(self.handle, graph.handle)

def apply_to_linear_view_object(

self,

obj: 'binaryninja.LinearViewObject',

prev: Optional['binaryninja.LinearViewObject'],

next: Optional['binaryninja.LinearViewObject'],

lines: List['binaryninja.LinearDisassemblyLine']

) -> List['binaryninja.LinearDisassemblyLine']:

in_lines_buf = (core.BNLinearDisassemblyLine * len(lines))()

for i, r in enumerate(lines):

in_lines_buf[i] = r._to_core_struct()

out_lines = ctypes.POINTER(core.BNLinearDisassemblyLine)()

out_line_count = ctypes.c_size_t(0)

core.BNApplyRenderLayerToLinearViewObject(

self.handle,

obj.handle,

prev.handle if prev is not None else None,

next.handle if next is not None else None,

in_lines_buf,

len(lines),

out_lines,

out_line_count

)

result = []

for i in range(out_line_count.value):

result.append(binaryninja.LinearDisassemblyLine._from_core_struct(out_lines[i], obj=obj))

core.BNFreeLinearDisassemblyLines(out_lines, out_line_count.value)

return result