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Add send_private_transaction using Flashbots Protect (alloy-rs#93)
* clean up and add send_private_transaction with explainer * document * note on invalid state of request
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11 files changed

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‎Cargo.toml‎

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@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ type_repetition_in_bounds = "allow"
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unnecessary_struct_initialization = "allow"
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[workspace.dependencies]
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alloy = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3edca45", features = [
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alloy = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "dc56a76", features = [
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"consensus",
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"contract",
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"eips",
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ alloy = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3edca45", features =
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"rpc-client-ipc",
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"rpc-client-ws",
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"rpc-client",
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"rpc-types",
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"rpc-types-eth",
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"rpc-types-trace",
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"signer-aws",

‎README.md‎

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@@ -69,9 +69,10 @@ This repository contains the following examples:
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- [x] [Transfer ERC20 token](./examples/transactions/examples/transfer_erc20.rs)
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- [x] [Transfer ETH](./examples/transactions/examples/transfer_eth.rs)
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- [x] [Sign and send a raw transaction](./examples/transactions/examples/sign_transaction.rs)
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- [x] [Send EIP-1559 transaction](./examples/transactions/examples/send_eip1559_tx.rs)
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- [x] [Send legacy transaction](./examples/transactions/examples/send_legacy_tx.rs)
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- [x] [Send EIP-4844 transaction](./examples/transactions/examples/send_eip4844_tx.rs)
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- [x] [Send EIP-1559 transaction](./examples/transactions/examples/send_eip1559_transaction.rs)
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- [x] [Send legacy transaction](./examples/transactions/examples/send_legacy_transaction.rs)
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- [x] [Send EIP-4844 transaction](./examples/transactions/examples/send_eip4844_transaction.rs)
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- [x] [Send private transaction using Flashbots Protect](./examples/transactions/examples/send_private_transaction.rs)
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- [x] [Send transaction with access list](./examples/transactions/examples/with_access_list.rs)
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- [x] Wallets
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- [x] [AWS signer](./examples/wallets/examples/aws_signer.rs)

‎examples/providers/examples/builder.rs‎

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@@ -17,17 +17,17 @@ async fn main() -> Result<()> {
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let anvil = Anvil::new().block_time(1).try_spawn()?;
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// Set up signer from the first default Anvil account (Alice).
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let wallet: LocalWallet = anvil.keys()[0].clone().into();
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let signer: LocalWallet = anvil.keys()[0].clone().into();
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// Create two users, Alice and Bob.
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let alice = wallet.address();
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let alice = signer.address();
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let bob = anvil.addresses()[1];
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// Set up the HTTP provider with the `reqwest` crate.
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let rpc_url = anvil.endpoint().parse()?;
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let provider = ProviderBuilder::new()
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.with_recommended_fillers()
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.signer(EthereumSigner::from(wallet))
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.signer(EthereumSigner::from(signer))
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.on_http(rpc_url);
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// Create a transaction.

examples/transactions/examples/send_eip1559_tx.rs renamed to examples/transactions/examples/send_eip1559_transaction.rs

File renamed without changes.

examples/transactions/examples/send_eip4844_tx.rs renamed to examples/transactions/examples/send_eip4844_transaction.rs

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examples/transactions/examples/send_legacy_tx.rs renamed to examples/transactions/examples/send_legacy_transaction.rs

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‎examples/transactions/examples/send_private_transaction.rs‎

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//! Example of sending a private transaction using Flashbots Protect.
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use alloy::{
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network::{eip2718::Encodable2718, EthereumSigner, TransactionBuilder},
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primitives::U256,
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providers::{Provider, ProviderBuilder},
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rpc::types::eth::TransactionRequest,
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signers::wallet::LocalWallet,
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};
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use eyre::Result;
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#[tokio::main]
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async fn main() -> Result<()> {
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// Set up the HTTP transport which is consumed by the RPC client.
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//
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// By default, Flashbots Protect transactions are only shared with the Flashbots Builder, which
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// builds only a subset of all Ethereum blocks. In `fast` mode, transactions are shared with
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// all registered builders no less than one block after they are received to increase the
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// number of blocks the user's transaction can be included in.
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//
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// Fast mode has 2 key differences from the default Protect experience:
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// - Shared with all builders: By default, Flashbots Protect transactions are only shared with
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// the Flashbots Builder, which builds only a subset of all Ethereum blocks. In fast mode,
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// transactions are shared with all registered builders no less than one block after they are
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// received to increase the number of blocks the user's transaction can be included in.
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// - Larger refund paid to validator: By default, only 10% of MEV-Share refunds are paid to
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// validators. In fast mode, validators receive 50% of refunds which makes it more likely that
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// the user’s transactions will be chosen in a given block.
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//
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// For more information, see the [Flashbots documentation](https://docs.flashbots.net/flashbots-protect/overview).
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//
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// To use `fast` mode change the URL to `https://rpc.flashbots.net/fast`.
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let flashbots_url = "https://rpc.flashbots.net".parse()?;
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// Create a provider.
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let provider = ProviderBuilder::new().on_http(flashbots_url);
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// Create a signer from a random wallet.
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let signer = LocalWallet::random();
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// Create two users, Alice and Bob.
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let alice = signer.address();
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let bob = LocalWallet::random().address();
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// Build a transaction to send 100 wei from Alice to Bob.
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let tx = TransactionRequest::default()
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.with_from(alice)
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.with_to(bob)
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.with_nonce(0)
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.with_chain_id(1)
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.with_value(U256::from(100))
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.with_gas_limit(21_000)
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.with_max_priority_fee_per_gas(1_000_000_000)
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.with_max_fee_per_gas(20_000_000_000);
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// Build the transaction using the `EthereumSigner` with the provided signer.
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// Flashbots Protect requires the transaction to be signed locally and send using
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// `eth_sendRawTransaction`.
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let tx_envelope = tx.build(&EthereumSigner::from(signer)).await?;
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// Encode the transaction using EIP-2718 encoding.
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let tx_encoded = tx_envelope.encoded_2718();
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// Send the raw transaction. The transaction is sent to the Flashbots relay and, if valid, will
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// be included in a block by a Flashbots builder. Note that the transaction request, as defined,
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// is invalid and will not be included in the blockchain.
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let pending = provider.send_raw_transaction(&tx_encoded).await?.register().await?;
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println!("Send transaction: {}", pending.tx_hash());
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Ok(())
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}

‎examples/transactions/examples/sign_transaction.rs‎

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@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ async fn main() -> Result<()> {
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.with_max_priority_fee_per_gas(1_000_000_000)
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.with_max_fee_per_gas(20_000_000_000);
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// Build the transaction using the EthereumSigner with the provided signer.
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// Build the transaction using the `EthereumSigner` with the provided signer.
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let tx_envelope = tx.build(&signer).await?;
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// Encode the transaction using EIP-2718 encoding.

‎examples/wallets/examples/ledger_signer.rs‎

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@@ -14,12 +14,14 @@ use eyre::Result;
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#[tokio::main]
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async fn main() -> Result<()> {
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// Set up the HTTP transport which is consumed by the RPC client.
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let rpc_url = "https://eth.merkle.io".parse()?;
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// Instantiate the application by acquiring a lock on the Ledger device.
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let signer = LedgerSigner::new(HDPath::LedgerLive(0), Some(1)).await?;
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let from = signer.address();
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// Create a provider with the signer.
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let rpc_url = "http://localhost:8545".parse()?;
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let provider = ProviderBuilder::new()
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.with_recommended_fillers()
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.signer(EthereumSigner::from(signer))

‎examples/wallets/examples/trezor_signer.rs‎

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@@ -14,12 +14,14 @@ use eyre::Result;
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#[tokio::main]
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async fn main() -> Result<()> {
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// Set up the HTTP transport which is consumed by the RPC client.
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let rpc_url = "https://eth.merkle.io".parse()?;
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// Instantiate the application by acquiring a lock on the Trezor device.
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let signer = TrezorSigner::new(HDPath::TrezorLive(0), Some(1)).await?;
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let from = signer.address();
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// Create a provider with the signer.
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let rpc_url = "http://localhost:8545".parse()?;
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let provider = ProviderBuilder::new()
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.with_recommended_fillers()
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.signer(EthereumSigner::from(signer))

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