# HYPERLINK

Use the `HYPERLINK` function to create clickable text and image links in tables. Report viewers can click these links to navigate to other pages in your report or on the web.

## Sample usage

Create a link to a product catalog page and display the item name as the anchor text:

`HYPERLINK(Item URL, Item Name)`

Display an image of a product and link to that item's page in your catalog:

`HYPERLINK(Item URL, Item Image)`

## Syntax

        HYPERLINK(URL, anchor_text)
        HYPERLINK(URL, image)

### Parameters

- `URL` - A field or an expression that evaluates to the **URL** data type
- `anchor_text` - A field or an expression that evaluates to the **Text** data type
- `image` - A field or an expression that evaluates to the **Image** data type

## How the `HYPERLINK` function works

The `HYPERLINK` function has two forms: The first form creates a text link field, and the second form creates an image link field. Text link fields have the **Hyperlink** data type, while image link fields have the **Image Link** data type in your data source. You can add these fields to tables in your reports to give users a way to navigate to other pages.

The `HYPERLINK` function requires two parameters: the first parameter *must* be a **URL** . If the second parameter is a **Text** field or expression, the function creates a **Hyperlink** field. If the second parameter is an **Image** field or expression, the function creates an **Image Link** field.

The `URL` parameter provides the link target (the `href` portion of the link). The `URL` parameter can come from existing [URL fields](https://docs.cloud.google.com/data-studio/hyperlinks-in-data) in the data source, or the parameter can be an expression that [builds URLs](https://docs.cloud.google.com/data-studio/hyperlink#build) from other fields and functions.

The `anchor_text` parameter specifies the linked text to display. The `anchor_text` parameter can be from a **Text** data type dimension in your data source or any other expression that evaluates to the **Text** data type.

To create an **Image Link** field, provide an **Image** dimension in your data source or any other expression that evaluates to the **Image** data type in place of the `image` parameter.

> [!TIP]
> **Tips**:
>
> - Use the [`IMAGE` function](https://docs.cloud.google.com/data-studio/image) to create **Image** fields.
> - To display a clickable link in a table that displays the full URL as the anchor text, you can also use the [URL field type](https://docs.cloud.google.com/data-studio/hyperlinks-in-data).

### Supported protocols

The `HYPERLINK` function supports the following protocols:

- `http`
- `https`
- `mailto`
- `ftp`

If you specify an unsupported protocol, the link opens a blank page. If you don't specify a protocol, the `HYPERLINK` function prepends `http:` to the URL.

## Examples

Use `HYPERLINK` to create a product catalog with pictures of the items that have been sold and links to individual product description pages.

Suppose you have a dataset with the following fields:

- **Item** - The name of the product
- **SKU** - The product identifier
- **Product Page** - The URL of the product's description page
- **Product Image** - The URL of the picture of the product that you want to display

For example:

| Item | SKU | Product Page | Product Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pen | 123 | https://example.com/products/product123.html | https://example.com/images/product123.jpg |
| Notebook | 456 | https://example.com/products/product456.html | https://example.com/images/product456.jpg |
| Coffee Cup | 789 | https://example.com/products/product789.html | https://example.com/images/product789.jpg |

Creating a data source from the previous example gives you the following fields:

| Field | Type |
|---|---|
| Item | Text |
| SKU | Text |
| Product Page | URL |
| Product Image | URL |

### Example 1: Create text links to product pages

To display links to the product description pages, create a **Product Link** calculated field with this formula:

`HYPERLINK (Product Page, SKU )`

The data source now looks like this:

| Field | Type |
|---|---|
| Item | Text |
| SKU | Text |
| Product Page | URL |
| Product Image | URL |
| Product Link | Hyperlink |

You can then add the **Product Link** field to a table in your report. This displays the data as clickable links.

### Example 2: Build URLs using `CONCAT`

Building URLs with the `CONCAT` function is useful when only part of the link path is present in a field or when you want to override or add more information to the link.

For example, you could use `CONCAT` to combine a hardcoded page path with a product SKU to form a complete URL to your product description page:

`HYPERLINK(CONCAT("http://example.com/productpages/product", SKU, ".html"), Item)`

### Example 3: Create clickable images

To add clickable images to a table, you also use the `HYPERLINK` function but provide a URL as the first parameter and an **Image** field, or an `IMAGE` function with a valid link to an image, as the second parameter. This creates an **Image Link** field.

In this example, the **Product Page** dimension holds the URL, and the `IMAGE` function generates an Image field using a single hard-coded value:

`HYPERLINK(Product Page, IMAGE("https://example.com/images/product789.jpg", "Coffee cup")`

As a more realistic example, you might either create the **Image** field ahead of time and store it in your data source or use the `CONCAT` function to build the `IMAGE` parameter:

`HYPERLINK(Product Page, IMAGE(CONCAT("https://example.com/images/"), SKU, ".jpg", Item))`

## Links and thumbnail images from YouTube

The [YouTube Analytics connector](https://docs.cloud.google.com/data-studio/connect-to-youtube-analytics) automatically provides links and thumbnail image fields you can add directly to tables in your reports:

| Field | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Video Link | URL | The link to the video on YouTube |
| Thumbnail Link | URL | The link to the video thumbnail image |
| Thumbnail | Image | The thumbnail image |
| Linked Thumbnail | Image Link | The thumbnail image formatted as a link to the video on YouTube |

## Notes and limitations

- Important: When users click an external link, Data Studio displays a redirect notice. This is a security feature to warn users that they are leaving Data Studio. It cannot be disabled or bypassed.
- You can't change the data type of **Hyperlink** fields.
- If you've enabled [Viewer's credentials](https://docs.cloud.google.com/data-studio/data-credentials-article#viewers-credentials) for a data source, Data Studio won't render hyperlinks. This limitation does not apply if the report creator and the viewer are members of the same Data Studio Pro team workspace.

## Related resources

- [Hyperlinks in data](https://docs.cloud.google.com/data-studio/hyperlinks-in-data)
- [Calculated fields](https://docs.cloud.google.com/data-studio/about-calculated-fields)
- [Data Studio function list](https://docs.cloud.google.com/data-studio/function-list)